Annotated Bibliography
Ankerberg, John and Weldon, John. "Was Jesus Able to Sin". (2005): 5 Oct. 2007
http://www.ankerberg.org/Articles/_PDFArchives/historical-Jesus/HJ1W1005.pdf.
This article particularly explores the sins committed by Jesus in this film. Since they are fiction, it determines the result upon Christ's character and whether it changes the Jesus perceived by most Christians.
Baugh, Lloyd. Imagine the Divine: Jesus and Christ Figures in Film. Franklin: Sheed and Ward, 1997.
This book looks at the entire situation created in the movie. The interaction between characters, the personality of each figure and the relation to historical belief are all analysed.
The Criterion Collection: The Last Temptation of Christ by Martin Scorsese. 10 Oct. 2007
http://www.criterion.com/asp/release.asp?id=70&eid=79§ion=essay.
A complete account of the production of the film (screen writing and producing). It also tells of the groups who were offended by the film, why they were offended and what they did in protest.
The Gospel of Judas--Photos, Time Line, Maps--National Geographic. 10 Oct. 2007
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/lostgospel/.
This site contains a lot of information on The Gospel of Judas. This recently discovered gospel details the relationship between Jesus and Judas Iscariot. Its contents are similar to the fictional situation in this film.
Humphries-Brooks, Stephenson. Cinematic Savior: Hollywood's making of the American Christ.
Westport. Praeger Publishers, 2006.
Minor characters, such as John the Baptist, Lazarus and Saul, the holy aspect of Jesus and how his death is portrayed are all presented thoroughly.
Iannone, Carol. "The Last Temptation Reconsidered". First Things 60. The Journal of Religion,
Culture and Public Life. Feb (1996). 50-54.
The article explores King David, as well as, the persecution of both Scorsese and Kazantzakis and how they crafted their respective parts of the final product.
Images - The Last Temptation of Christ. 10 Oct. 2007
http://www.imagesjournal.com/issue09/reviews/christ.
There are many movie stills that detail events of the film.
Jesus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 10 Oct. 2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus.
More information of Jesus Christ, to compare with the character created by Nikos Kazantzakis and portrayed by Willem Dafoe.
Judas Iscariot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 10 ct. 2007
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Iscariot.
A Biography of the real Judas, to contrast with Kazantzakis's and Keitel's version of the character.
Kennedy, Tammie. "A Feminist Reading of the Last Temptation of Christ". Journal of Religion and
Popular Culture 9 (2005): 5 Oct. 2007
http://www.usask.ca/relst/jrpc/art9-scorsesemisogynist-print.html.
This article relates Scorsese's other films to this one and weighs the idea of misogyny and whether or not it is present in this film (Mary Magdalene).
Kozlovic, Anton. "Popular Films and the Avoidance of Cinematic Separatism:Eight Justifications for
Culluloid Religion". Online Journal of Christian Theology and Philosophy. 5.1 (2003): 5 Oct. 2007
http://www.quodlibet.net/kozlovic-cinema.shtml.
The article examines the effect film and entertainment culture has on religion, including examples of The Last Temptation of Christ.
The Last Temptation of Christ (1988). 10 Oct. 2007 http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0095497.
A general movie site which contains significant movie quotations, fascinating trivia and other useful information pertaining to film's production.
The Last Temptation of Christ (film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 10 Oct. 2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Temptation_of_Christ_(film).
An overview of many different aspects of the movie, including a plot synopsis to use as a guide, background information, facts relating to the religious controversies and reasons why people protested the film.
The Last Temptation of Christ: An Essay in Film Criticism and Faith. 10 Oct. 2007
http://www.decentfilms.com/sections/articles/lasttemptation.html.
This site contains relevant comparisons between the film itself and the Gospels upon which it was not based, but upon which it was inspired. It also involves symbolism used in the film, as well.
The Last Temptation of Christ: Information and Much More from Answers.com. 10 Oct. 2007
http://www.answers.com/topic/the-last-temptation-of-christ-film-1.
Provides a list of movies that relate to this film which may make a good reference to compare to other pop culture representations of religion in film.
Martin Scorsese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 10 Oct. 2007
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorsese.
A biography of the director, Martin Scorsese. This will fill in some of his motives for making such a controversial movie, as well as his own religious background and how that affects his films.
McEver, Matthew. "The Messianic Figure in Film: Christology Beyond the Biblical Epic". The Journal
of Religion and Film. 2.2 (1998).
This piece is important because it presents a critical point of view, while still remaining scholarly. It points out negative aspects of the film that contributed to its backlash.
Riley, Robin. Film, Faith, and Cultural Conflict: The Case of Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation
of Christ. Westport: Praeger Publishers, 2003.
This book details the protests, in detail, that different groups have launched against the movie. Also, the results and ramifications of these protests are discussed.
Tatum Barnes, W. Jesus at the Movies: A Guide to the First Hundred Years. Santa Rosa: Polebridge
Press, 2004.
This will provide a more in depth examination at Willem Dafoe's character of Jesus. His role as more man than God and his resentment of the responsibility that has been bestowed upon him.